Why Palestinian children throw stones

Children in my Gaza refugee camp were rarely afraid of monsters. Instead, they were afraid of Israeli soldiers. That was all that we talked about before going to bed. Unlike imaginary monsters in the closet or under the bed, Israeli soldiers were real and they could show up any minute — at the door, on the roof or, as was often the case, right in the middle of the house.
Last month’s tragic death of seven-year-old Rayan Suliman, a Palestinian boy from the West Bank village of Tuqu, near Bethlehem, stirred up so many memories. The little boy with olive skin, innocent face and bright eyes fell on the ground while being chased by Israeli soldiers, who accused him and his peers of throwing stones. He fell unconscious, blood poured out of his mouth and, despite efforts to revive him, he ceased breathing.
This was the abrupt and tragic end of Rayan’s life. All the things that could have been, all the experiences that he could have lived, and all the love that he could have imparted or received, all ended suddenly, with the boy lying face down on the pavement of a dusty road, in a poor village, without ever experiencing a single moment of being truly free, or even safe.
Adults often project their understanding of the world onto children. We want to believe that Palestinian children are warriors against oppression, injustice and military occupation. Though Palestinian children develop political consciousness at a very young age, quite often their action of protesting against the Israeli military, chanting against invading soldiers or even throwing stones are not compelled by politics, but by something else entirely: Their fear of monsters.
This connection came to mind when I read the details of the harrowing experiences that Rayan and many of the village’s children endure daily. Tuqu is a Palestinian village that, once upon a time, existed in an uncontested landscape. However, in 1957, the illegal settlement of Tekoa was established on stolen Palestinian land. The nightmare had begun.
Israeli restrictions on Palestinian communities in that area increased, along with land annexation, travel restrictions and deepening apartheid. Several residents, mostly children from the village, were injured or killed by Israeli soldiers during repeated protests: The villagers wanted to have their lives and freedom back, while the soldiers wanted to ensure the continued oppression of Tuqu in the name of safeguarding the security of Tekoa. In 2017, a 17-year-old Palestinian, Hassan Mohammad Al-Amour, was shot and killed during a protest; in 2019, another, Osama Hajahjeh, was seriously wounded.
The children of Tuqu had much to fear and their fears were all well-founded. The daily journey to school, taken by Rayan and many of his peers, accentuated these fears. To get to school, the kids had to cross Israeli military barbed wire, often manned by heavily armed soldiers.
Sometimes, children attempted to avoid the barbed wire so as to avoid the terrifying encounter. The soldiers anticipated this. “We tried to walk through the olive field next to the path instead, but the soldiers hide in the trees there and grab us,” a 10-year-old boy from Tuqu, Mohammed Sabah, was quoted as saying in a 2016 article by Sheren Khalel.
The nightmare has been ongoing for years and Rayan experienced that terrorizing journey for more than a year — of soldiers waiting behind barbed wire, of mysterious creatures hiding behind trees, of hands grabbing little bodies, of children screaming for their parents, beseeching God and running in all directions.
Following Rayan’s death on Sept. 29, the US State Department, the British government and the EU demanded an investigation, as if the reason why the little boy succumbed to his paralyzing fears was a mystery, as if the horrors of Israeli military occupation and violence were not an everyday reality.
Rayan’s story, though tragic beyond words, is not unique. It is a repeat of other stories experienced by countless Palestinian children.
When Ahmad Manasra was run over by an Israeli settler’s car and his cousin, Hassan, was killed in 2015, Israeli media and apologists fanned the flames of propaganda, claiming that Ahmad, 13 at the time, was a representation of something bigger. Israel claimed that he attempted to stab an Israeli security guard and that such an action reflected deep-seated Palestinian hatred for Israeli Jews, offering further convenient proof of the indoctrination of Palestinian children by their supposedly violent culture. Despite his injuries and young age, Ahmad was tried in 2016 and sentenced to 12 years in prison.
Ahmad comes from the Palestinian town of Beit Hanina, near Jerusalem. His story is, in many ways, similar to that of Rayan: A Palestinian town, an illegal settlement, soldiers, armed settlers, ethnic cleansing, land theft and real monsters everywhere. None of this mattered to the Israeli court or to the mainstream, corporate media. They turned a 13-year-old boy into a monster and used him as a poster child of Palestinian terrorism taught at a very young age.
The truth is, Palestinian children throw stones at Israeli soldiers not because of their supposedly inherent hatred of Israelis or as purely political acts. They do so because it is their only way of facing their own fears and coming to terms with their daily humiliation.

Their action of protesting against the Israeli military is not compelled by politics, but by something else entirely: Their fear of monsters.

Ramzy Baroud

Just before Rayan managed to escape the crowd of Israeli soldiers and was chased to his death, an exchange took place between his father and the soldiers. Rayan’s father told the Associated Press the soldiers had threatened that, if Rayan was not handed over, they would return at night to arrest him along with his older brothers, aged eight and 10. For a Palestinian child, a nighttime raid by Israeli soldiers is the most terrifying prospect. Rayan’s young heart could not bear the thought. He fell unconscious.
Doctors at the nearby Palestinian hospital of Beit Jala had a convincing medical explanation for why Rayan died. A pediatric specialist spoke about increased stress levels, caused by “excess adrenaline secretion” and an increased heartbeat, leading to a cardiac arrest. For Rayan, his brothers and many other Palestinian children, the culprit was something else: The monsters who come at night and terrify sleeping children.
Chances are, Rayan’s older brothers will be back on the streets of Tuqu, stones and slingshots in hand, ready to face their fear of monsters, even if they pay the price with their own lives.

• Ramzy Baroud has been writing about the Middle East for more than 20 years. He is an internationally syndicated columnist, a media consultant, an author of several books, and the founder of PalestineChronicle.com. Twitter: @RamzyBaroud