Oil and currency bias shape our technologies

Oil and currency bias shape our technologies

Oil and currency bias shape our technologies
As AI evolves, it will reflect our biases, aspirations, and perhaps, our greatest follies. (Shutterstock image)
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In the bustling metropolis of Techville, where innovation never sleeps and ethics occasionally gets a caffeine boost, the latest debate has everyone buzzing. 

This time, it is not about the next killer app or the latest in wearable tech, but something far more profound and perplexing: Artificial intelligence and ethics. 

And at the heart of this conversation is the ever-eloquent John Bright, whose insights are as sharp as his tongue.

Bright, a figure known for his unfiltered views, recently opened a can of worms — or perhaps a barrel of oil — on the subject. 

“You tell me, you read this rubbish. Oil is the most traded commodity in the world. 1 billion barrels are traded each day in US dollars. You think anyone is ready to change that?” Bright declares with the certainty of a seasoned tech prophet.

“Total demand for oil each year is 100 million barrels, and daily oil traded in derivatives markets is 1 billion. There is no such currency to sustain these volumes.” 

Now, you might be wondering, what does all this have to do with AI and ethics? In Techville, everything is connected — sometimes by a mere line of code. 

The ethical dilemma arises when we consider the overwhelming bias and control exerted by such financial structures over global markets and technology.

Imagine, if you will, an AI developed in Techville. It is designed to predict market trends and make investments. This AI, despite its impressive algorithms, is inherently biased toward the US dollar because of the sheer volume of oil traded in that currency. 

Here lies the irony: A machine, devoid of emotions, inherits the biases of its creators and their economic realities. 

But this time maybe it is right.

Techville’s residents, always keen on a good debate, have taken this statement to heart. The underlying issue is simple yet profound: If oil trading remains firmly tied to the US dollar, can any other currency — or even cryptocurrency — hope to break this stranglehold? 

Bright’s dismissive view of alternative currencies adds fuel to the fire. “The euro? Not a strong currency. The yuan? Pegged to the US dollar. Cryptocurrency? There isn’t enough of it.”

All this enters into an irony that Socrates might have pondered. “Does an AI that mirrors human biases truly understand the nature of its decisions?”

Bright, ever the pragmatist, does not shy away from highlighting these biases. His point? Even the mightiest have vulnerabilities, and the structures we rely on are far more fragile than we care to admit.

Can we trust AI to make unbiased decisions when it operates within a system so skewed by economic realities?

Rafael Hernandez de Santiago

Philosophers have long mused about the ethical implications of our technological advancements. 

Plato, if he were around, might suggest that our AI systems are merely shadows on the cave wall, reflecting deeper truths about our society’s biases and dependencies. 

Nietzsche, ever the provocateur, might argue that our AI, like us, is bound by the power structures of its creators, forever echoing human flaws.

In Techville, these philosophical musings are not just academic exercises; they have real-world implications. The ethical dilemmas posed by AI are complex, especially when intertwined with the global oil market’s biases. 

Can we trust AI to make unbiased decisions when it operates within a system so skewed by economic realities?

The city’s thinkers are deeply divided on this issue. Some argue that as long as the world remains tethered to oil and the US dollar, any AI we develop will be inherently flawed.

Others hold out hope that AI can transcend these biases, offering a glimpse of a more objective and fair system. It is a debate reminiscent of Descartes’ quest for certainty in a world of doubt.

Bright, with his characteristic wit, brings us back to earth.

“X is not doing great, collapsed real estate, collapsed financial and banking sector, low birth rate and declining population. Their stock market collapsed, etc. And they’re being attacked everywhere with their exports of electric vehicles and raising tariffs.”

So, where does this leave Techville’s AI ethics debate? In a state of perpetual irony, humor, and serious contemplation. The city’s brightest minds continue to grapple with these questions, knowing that the answers are as elusive as ever.

In a world where power dynamics and economic dependencies shape our technologies, the quest for ethical AI remains a journey more than a destination.

Bright, with his razor-sharp insights, ensures that the conversation stays both lively and grounded. He will undoubtedly remain at the forefront, reminding us all that while technology may advance, the ethical dilemmas it poses are as old as humanity itself.

As AI evolves, it will reflect our biases, aspirations, and perhaps, our greatest follies.

In Techville, where the future is always just a line of code away, the debate rages on, a testament to humanity’s enduring struggle to reconcile innovation with ethics.

Rafael Hernandez de Santiago, viscount of Espes, is a Spanish national residing in Saudi Arabia and working at the Gulf Research Center.

 

Disclaimer: Views expressed by writers in this section are their own and do not necessarily reflect Arab News' point of view

The science behind the powerful earthquake in Myanmar and Thailand

The science behind the powerful earthquake in Myanmar and Thailand
Updated 4 min 53 sec ago
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The science behind the powerful earthquake in Myanmar and Thailand

The science behind the powerful earthquake in Myanmar and Thailand
  • Myanmar lies on boundary between two tectonic plates, is one of world’s most seismically active countries
  • Friday’s event was “probably the biggest” to hit Myanmar’s mainland in three quarters of a century, experts said 

SINGAPORE: A powerful earthquake of magnitude 7.7 centered in the Sagaing region near the Myanmar city of Mandalay caused extensive damage in that country and also shook neighboring Thailand on Friday.

How vulnerable is Myanmar to earthquakes?

Myanmar lies on the boundary between two tectonic plates and is one of the world’s most seismically active countries, although large and destructive earthquakes have been relatively rare in the Sagaing region.

“The plate boundary between the India Plate and Eurasia Plate runs approximately north-south, cutting through the middle of the country,” said Joanna Faure Walker, a professor and earthquake expert at University College London.
She said the plates move past each other horizontally at different speeds. While this causes “strike slip” quakes that are normally less powerful than those seen in “subduction zones” like Sumatra, where one plate slides under another, they can still reach magnitudes of 7 to 8.

Why was Friday’s quake so damaging?
Sagaing has been hit by several quakes in recent years, with a 6.8 magnitude event causing at least 26 deaths and dozens of injuries in late 2012.
But Friday’s event was “probably the biggest” to hit Myanmar’s mainland in three quarters of a century, said Bill McGuire, another earthquake expert at UCL.
Roger Musson, honorary research fellow at the British Geological Survey, told Reuters that the shallow depth of the quake meant the damage would be more severe. The quake’s epicenter was at a depth of just 10 km (6.2 miles), according to the United States Geological Survey.
“This is very damaging because it has occurred at a shallow depth, so the shockwaves are not dissipated as they go from the focus of the earthquake up to the surface. The buildings received the full force of the shaking.”
“It’s important not to be focused on epicenters because the seismic waves don’t radiate out from the epicenter — they radiate out from the whole line of the fault,” he added.

How prepared was Myanmar?

The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program said on Friday that fatalities could be between 10,000 and 100,000 people, and the economic impact could be as high as 70 percent of Myanmar’s GDP.
Musson said such forecasts are based on data from past earthquakes and on Myanmar’s size, location and overall quake readiness.
The relative rarity of large seismic events in the Sagaing region — which is close to heavily populated Mandalay — means that infrastructure had not been built to withstand them. That means the damage could end up being far worse.
Musson said that the last major quake to hit the region was in 1956, and homes are unlikely to have been built to withstand seismic forces as powerful as those that hit on Friday.
“Most of the seismicity in Myanmar is further to the west whereas this is running down the center of the country,” he said.
 


US woman released by Taliban in Afghanistan

US woman released by Taliban in Afghanistan
Updated 7 min 45 sec ago
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US woman released by Taliban in Afghanistan

US woman released by Taliban in Afghanistan
  • Hall was detained in Feb. along with Peter and Barbie Reynolds, in their 70s
  • Group was traveling to British couple’s home in central Bamiyan province

WASHINGTON: An American woman has been freed by the Taliban in Afghanistan after she, two Britons and their Afghan translator were detained earlier this year, Washington’s former envoy to Kabul, Zalmay Khalilzad, said Saturday.
“American citizen Faye Hall, just released by the Taliban, is now in the care of our friends, the Qataris in Kabul, and will soon be on her way home,” Khalilzad, who has been part of a US delegation working on Taliban hostage releases, wrote on X.
While at the Qatari embassy in Kabul, Hall “has been confirmed in good health after undergoing a series of medical checks,” said a source with knowledge of the release.
She was released on Thursday following a court order and with logistical support from Qatar, the source added.

Hall, who has been identified by the Taliban’s interior ministry as Chinese-American, was detained in February along with Peter and Barbie Reynolds, who are in their 70s, as they traveled to the British couple’s home in central Bamiyan province.
Their Afghan translator was additionally arrested.
Taliban officials have refused to detail the reasons for their arrest, but one report said Hall had been detained on charges of using a drone without authorization.
In his announcement, Khalilzad posted a picture of Hall smiling with Qatar representatives ahead of her departure from Afghanistan.
Khalilzad had been in the Afghan capital earlier this month on a rare visit by US officials to meet Taliban authorities, accompanying US hostage envoy Adam Boehler.
Following their visit, the Taliban government announced the release of US citizen George Glezmann after more than two years of detention, in a deal brokered by Qatar.
He and Hall are among several Americans to be released from Taliban custody this year.
In January, two Americans detained in Afghanistan — Ryan Corbett and William McKenty — were freed in exchange for an Afghan fighter, Khan Mohammed, who was convicted of narco-terrorism in the United States.
At least one other US citizen, Mahmood Habibi, is still held in Afghanistan.
The British couple detained with Hall remain in Taliban custody.
Their daughter has expressed grave fears for her father’s health and appealed to the Taliban authorities to free them.
The Reynolds, who married in Kabul in 1970, have run school training programs in the country for 18 years.
They remained in Afghanistan after the Taliban takeover in 2021 when the British embassy withdrew its staff.
The government in Kabul is not recognized by any country, but several, including Russia, China and Turkiye, have kept their embassies open in the Afghan capital.
Qatar, too, has maintained diplomatic channels with the Taliban and has facilitated negotiations for the release of US hostages.
Since US President Donald Trump’s reelection, the Kabul government has expressed hopes for a “new chapter” with Washington.


In Pakistan’s southwest, Eid shoppers go out to buy the perfect snack: nimco

In Pakistan’s southwest, Eid shoppers go out to buy the perfect snack: nimco
Updated 30 March 2025
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In Pakistan’s southwest, Eid shoppers go out to buy the perfect snack: nimco

In Pakistan’s southwest, Eid shoppers go out to buy the perfect snack: nimco
  • Nimco, popular on Eid, is typically a mix of fried ingredients like lentils, chickpeas, potatoes, nuts and spices
  • While many Pakistanis celebrate Eid with sweets like vermicelli and rice puddings, nimco is the go-to snack in Quetta

QUETTA: Wearing hair nets and face masks, shopkeepers carefully packed fried lentils, chickpeas, potato chips and other nimco snacks into plastic bags for hoards of eager Eid Al-Fitr shoppers earlier this week. 
The scene is from a shop on Quetta’s famous Masjid Road, where hundreds of customers have been arriving daily ahead of the Eid holiday to buy nimco, a popular traditional Pakistani snack, typically a mix of fried ingredients like lentils, chickpeas, potatoes, nuts, and spices. Nimco is characterized by its crispy texture and spicy flavor, making it a popular snack for social gatherings and special occasions. 
While many Pakistanis celebrate the Eid festival with sweets like vermicelli, rice puddings and jalebi funnel cakes, in Quetta, nimco is the go-to snack.
“This bazaar is called Masjid Road and its specialty is that it is known as the Nimco Bazaar,” said Waled Sabir, a customer. “All the nimco varieties available in Pakista can be found here.”

Man shops nimco snacks for Eid Al-Fitr in Quetta, Pakistan on March 26, 2025. (AN Photo) 

Safiullah Khan, the owner of a 35-year-old nimco store on Masjid Road, said he was at his shop all day long in the days before Eid to cater to holiday revelers. 
“Fried potato chips, lentils and mixed nimco are the basic and most in-demand items on Eid,” he said. 

Customers gather to buy nimco snacks for Eid Al-Fitr in Quetta, Pakistan on March 26, 2025. (AN Photo) 

Apart from the appeal of its salty and crunchy flavor, nimco was also popular because of its affordability, Khan said. 
“Nimco is an important and affordable item for many Pakistanis during Eid and not as expensive as other dried fruits,” he said.
Syed Akram Shah, 52, agreed that nimco was a popular alternative to expensive dried fruits. 
“Dry fruits are not accessible to poor masses but nimco is an affordable refreshment for us on Eid,” he said as he shopped earlier this month on Masjid Road for fried lentils, his favorite type of nimco. 

Customers gather to buy nimco snacks for Eid Al-Fitr in Quetta, Pakistan on March 26, 2025. (AN Photo) 

“There is no Eid without nimco because we serve these crunchy snacks to our relatives and friends with a cup of tea when they come over for Eid,” Shah, who had tracelled from Mastung city located around 50 kilometers from Quetta, said. “It is a tradition in Balochistan.” 
Waleed Sabir, who lives in Quetta, said he had come to Masjid Road because he knew he would find all kinds of nimco there to buy for the Eid holiday.

A shop set for nimco snacks sale in Quetta, Pakistan on March 26, 2025. (AN Photo) 

“People of Balochistan are very hospitable and every dining table in every house will be decorated with refreshment items and nimco during the three days of Eid.”
Though Balochistan has seen rise in militant attacks in recent months, which have dampened Eid shopping, many shoppers and sellers said nimco was still a hot favorite. 
“Compared to the past [Eids], activities [in markets] have declined a bit due to the law and order and the prevailing situation,” said Khan the nimco seller, “but overall things are still fine.”


Saudi Arabia welcomes formation of new Syrian Government

Saudi Arabia welcomes formation of new Syrian Government
Updated 27 min 21 sec ago
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Saudi Arabia welcomes formation of new Syrian Government

Saudi Arabia welcomes formation of new Syrian Government
  • Syrian President Ahmed Al-Sharaa announced a transitional government on Saturday, appointing 23 ministers

RIYADH – The Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcome the announcement of the formation of a new Syrian government, expressing hope that it will fulfill the aspirations of the Syrian people, the Saudi Press Agency reported on Sunday.
In a statement, the ministry emphasized the Kingdom’s commitment to cooperating with the new Syrian government, strengthening the historical and fraternal ties between the two nations, and enhancing relations across all sectors.
The ministry also extended its best wishes to the Syrian government in achieving security, stability, and prosperity for Syria.

Syrian President Ahmed Al-Sharaa announced a transitional government on Saturday, appointing 23 ministers in a broadened cabinet seen as a key milestone in the transition from decades of Assad family rule and to improving Syria’s ties with the West.


Pakistan to kick off second phase of Hajj trainings for pilgrims in Sindh from Apr. 8

Pakistan to kick off second phase of Hajj trainings for pilgrims in Sindh from Apr. 8
Updated 27 min 54 sec ago
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Pakistan to kick off second phase of Hajj trainings for pilgrims in Sindh from Apr. 8

Pakistan to kick off second phase of Hajj trainings for pilgrims in Sindh from Apr. 8
  • Over 18,000 Hajj pilgrims to be trained in southern Pakistan from Apr. 8 to 22, says religion ministry 
  • Around 179,210 pilgrims from Pakistan are expected to perform annual Islamic pilgrimage this year

KARACHI: Pakistan’s religion ministry said this week it will kick off the second phase of its Hajj 2025 training program in southern Pakistan from Apr. 8 in which over 18,000 pilgrims will be trained to perform the annual Islamic pilgrimage. 

Pakistan conducted its first phase of training for Hajj pilgrims in January this year with sessions in Islamabad. Pilgrims intending to perform the pilgrimage were trained through audio-visual devices and other materials, according to the Ministry of Religious Affairs.

“The Directorate of Hajj Karachi will organize the second Hajj Awareness Training Program for Hajj 2025 in Sindh’s six districts and under the jurisdiction of the Hajj Camp Karachi,” the religion ministry said in a statement on Saturday. 

“Training will be provided to 3,446 Hajj pilgrims from Apr. 8 to Apr. 13,” it added. 

It said that around 13,834 Hajj pilgrims will also be trained in the Hajj Camp Karachi from Apr. 13 to Apr. 21, while a separate training session will be organized on Apr. 22 at the headquarters of the Boy Scouts in Karachi for approximately 500 Hajj pilgrims belonging to the Shia sect.

“A total of 14,834 Hajj pilgrims will be provided guidance and training through the training programs so that they can be well acquainted with the rituals and travel arrangements of Hajj and perform their spiritual worship in a better manner,” it said. 

Pakistan and Saudi Arabia signed the Hajj 2025 agreement in January this year under which 179,210 pilgrims from Pakistan will perform the annual pilgrimage this year. The quota is divided equally between government and private schemes. 

Pakistan’s Hajj policy has allowed pilgrims to make payments in installments for the first time. Under this scheme, the first installment of Rs200,000 ($717) had to be submitted with the application, the second installment of Rs400,000 ($1,435) within 10 days of balloting and the remaining amount by Feb. 10 this year.

The Pakistani religious affairs ministry has also launched the Pak Hajj 2025 mobile application, available for both Android and iPhone users, to guide pilgrims.