Pak-China trade drives cross-border traffic surge at Khunjerab Pass— state media 

Pak-China trade drives cross-border traffic surge at Khunjerab Pass— state media 
In this photograph taken on September 29, 2015, a car carrying Chinese nationals crosses at the Pak-China Khunjerab Pass, the world's highest paved border crossing at 4,600 metres above sea level. (Photo courtesy: AFP/File)
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Updated 10 July 2024
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Pak-China trade drives cross-border traffic surge at Khunjerab Pass— state media 

Pak-China trade drives cross-border traffic surge at Khunjerab Pass— state media 
  • Khunjerab Pass sees 110 percent year-on-year increase in cross-border traffic, says state media 
  • Pass linking Pakistan to China is highest paved international border at 4,600 meters above sea level 

ISLAMABAD: Increasing trade between Pakistan and China caused a significant surge in cross-border traffic in the first half of 2024, the state-run Associated Press of Pakistan (APP) reported on Wednesday. 

Pakistan and China opened the Khunjerab Pass for trade and travel in April 2024 after it remained closed for four months. Both sides had agreed in October 2023 to ensure the pass remained open for trade and travel throughout the year. 

Recognized as the highest paved international border at more than 4,600 meters (15,000 feet) above sea level, the Khunjerab Pass is closed during winter months because of harsh weather.

“The Khunjerab Pass in Xinjiang, China, experienced a significant rise in cross-border traffic in the first half of this year, with 21,000 travelers, representing a 110 percent year-on-year increase,” APP said. 

It said the border cleared 1,123 people in a single day on June 11, which was a new record. The APP said the Khunjerab Border Inspection Station attributes this remarkable growth to the increasing number of Pakistani traders and cross-border tourists. 

The APP credited increased travel enthusiasm among Chinese travelers to Beijing’s National Immigration Administration’s revised entry-exit policies, saying they had introduced a series of facilitation measures that boosted trade and travel. 

“Pakistani merchants have been actively transporting goods such as pine nuts, herbs, copperware, carpets, and jade crafts to China for sale, while bringing back daily necessities to Pakistan,” the report said. 

China is a major ally and investor in Pakistan. The two countries collaborate on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, a flagship project under China’s Belt and Road Initiative, with more than $65 billion pledged for road, rail, and other infrastructure developments in the South Asian nation.


Amnesty urges Pakistani authorities to be transparent about surveillance tech, Internet disruptions

Amnesty urges Pakistani authorities to be transparent about surveillance tech, Internet disruptions
Updated 26 August 2024
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Amnesty urges Pakistani authorities to be transparent about surveillance tech, Internet disruptions

Amnesty urges Pakistani authorities to be transparent about surveillance tech, Internet disruptions
  • It is widely believed the installation of a national firewall is behind Internet slowdown in recent weeks
  • Government officials have attributed problem to widespread use of VPNs, faulty undersea Internet cable

ISLAMABAD: Amnesty International on Monday urged Pakistani authorities to be transparent about Internet disruptions over the past few weeks amid allegations that the installation of a national firewall was behind the slowdown.

The problem has affected millions of Pakistani users, disrupting businesses and drawing nationwide complaints, while authorities have said a faulty undersea Internet cable had caused slower Internet connections.

Nearly half of the country’s population has faced problems in using and accessing social media platforms, including the popular WhatsApp. Pakistan has 110 million Internet users, and up to 40 percent slower Internet speeds have affected nearly half the country’s 241 million population.

“Amnesty International urges the Pakistani authorities to be transparent about the cause of these Internet disruptions and ensure that they do not deploy monitoring and surveillance systems that are unnecessary, disproportionate, and in violation of international human rights law,” Amnesty International Technologist Jurre Van Bergen said on Monday. 

He said the “opacity” of Pakistani authorities regarding the use of monitoring and surveillance technologies that could block content, slow down and control Internet speeds was an “alarming concern.”

“Time and again, the use of such technologies, including national firewalls, has proven to be incompatible with human rights,” Bergen added. 

“These pervasive tools undermine online freedom of expression and access to information. The Internet is critical for the enjoyment of the public’s right to be informed, citizen’s self-expression, e-commerce and the digital economy.”

Pakistan’s IT Minister Shaza Fatima Khawaja has repeatedly rejected reports that the government was responsible for slowing or shutting down the Internet, attributing it instead to the widespread use of virtual private networks (VPNs) amid a ban on social media platform X since February. Pakistan Telecommunications Authority Chairman Hafeezur Rehman has attributed the Internet slowdown to a damaged submarine cable that would be repaired by tomorrow, Tuesday. 

A petition has been filed in the Islamabad High Court against the nationwide Internet shutdowns, which has sought responses from the government and the Pakistan Telecommunications Authority by today, Monday. 


Pakistan warns heavy rains may trigger floods from Aug. 26-30

 Pakistan warns heavy rains may trigger floods from Aug. 26-30
Updated 26 August 2024
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Pakistan warns heavy rains may trigger floods from Aug. 26-30

 Pakistan warns heavy rains may trigger floods from Aug. 26-30
  • Torrential rains in Pakistan have killed 243 people and injured 447 since July 1, official data shows 
  • Pakistan is recognized as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change effects in the world

ISLAMABAD: Heavy rains from Aug. 26-30 could trigger flash floods in the low-lying areas of Sindh, southern Punjab and Balochistan provinces, the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) warned on Monday, as monsoon downpours have already killed 243 people and injured 447 others since July 1 in the country. 

Heavy monsoon rains since July have triggered floods and landslides in many parts of the country, notably Pakistan’s Punjab and northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) provinces, which have reported the highest number of casualties. Since July 1, Punjab has reported 92 casualties and 231 injured from rain-related incidents while KP has reported 74 deaths and 128 injuries. Sindh has recorded 48 deaths and 57 injuries while Balochistan has reported 21 deaths and 13 injuries since July 1 due to rain-related incidents. 

“There is a risk of flooding in low-lying areas of Sindh, south Punjab and Balochistan due to torrential rains from Aug. 26-30,” the PMD said in a statement. 

It warned that the hill streams of Dera Ghazi Khan, Dadu, Kalat, Khuzdar, Jafarabad, Sibi, Nasirabad, Barkhan, Loralai, Awaran, Panjgur, Washak, Mastung and Lasbela could experience flooding during these days. 

Whereas the northern areas of Murree, Galiyat, Mansehra, Kohistan, Chitral, Dir, Swat, Shangla, Buner, Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) may experience landslides due to heavy rains, the Met office said. 

Since the onset of monsoon rains in July, Pakistan’s National Disaster Management Authority has warned tourists against traveling to areas susceptible to floods. Pakistan’s top disaster management body has also advised people to stay informed and download the NDMA’s disaster alert mobile app for timely alerts and weather reports.

Pakistan is recognized as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change effects in the world. This year, the South Asian country recorded its “wettest April since 1961,” with 59.3 millimeters of rainfall while some areas of the country faced a heat wave in May and June. 

In 2022, unusually heavy rains triggered flash floods in many parts of the country, killing over 1,700 people, inflicting losses of around $30 billion, and affecting at least 30 million people.

Scientists have attributed Pakistan’s erratic weather patterns to climate change effects and called on countries around the world to take urgent steps to tackle the crisis. 


Pakistani pilgrim bus crashes in Iran, killing three

Pakistani pilgrim bus crashes in Iran, killing three
Updated 26 August 2024
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Pakistani pilgrim bus crashes in Iran, killing three

Pakistani pilgrim bus crashes in Iran, killing three
  • Accident caused by “technical failure” in brakes, says Iranian traffic official 
  • Crash in central Iran last Tuesday killed 28 Pakistani pilgrims on way to Iraq for Arbaeen

TEHRAN: At least three people have been killed and 48 others wounded when a bus carrying Pakistani pilgrims crashed into a truck in southern Iran, state media reported Monday.

In recent days, Shi’ite Muslims have been heading to Iraq for a major ritual, with Pakistanis often traveling through Iran to attend the Arbaeen commemoration.
Iran’s official news agency IRNA said a bus collided with a truck late Sunday on the main road between Neyriz city in Fars province and Sirjan in Kerman province, leaving “48 wounded and three dead.”

It did not specify how many people where on board the bus.

Col. Abdol Hashem Dehghani, a Fars traffic police official quoted by IRNA, said the accident was caused by “a technical failure” in the brakes and the driver’s “inability to control the vehicle.”

This was the second road accident in less than a week involving Pakistani pilgrims after a crash in central Iran killed 28 people on the way to Iraq for Arbaeen, one of the biggest events in the Shi’ite calendar.

Iran has a poor road safety record with over 20,000 deaths in accidents in the year up to March 2024, according to figures from the Iranian judiciary’s Legal Medicine Organization cited by local media.

Arbaeen, which marks the 40th day of mourning for the Prophet Muhammad’s grandson Imam Hussein, last year drew a total of 22 million pilgrims, according to official figures.

IRNA said that by August 19 this year, some 25,000 Pakistani pilgrims had entered Iran to reach the Iraqi shrine city of Karbala, where Hussein and his brother Abbas are buried.


Pakistan captain Shan Masood rues ‘lot of mistakes’ after humiliating Bangladesh loss

Pakistan captain Shan Masood rues ‘lot of mistakes’ after humiliating Bangladesh loss
Updated 26 August 2024
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Pakistan captain Shan Masood rues ‘lot of mistakes’ after humiliating Bangladesh loss

Pakistan captain Shan Masood rues ‘lot of mistakes’ after humiliating Bangladesh loss
  • Bangladesh registered their maiden victory over Pakistan in Test cricket on Sunday at Rawalpindi 
  • Masood rues not capitalizing on opportunities, declaring with lesser runs on scoreboard in first Test 

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan captain Shan Masood admitted his side made a “lot of mistakes” which ultimately contributed to his team’s historic loss against Bangladesh in the first Test match at Rawalpindi recently. 

After declaring at an impressive 448-6, Pakistan succumbed to a shock defeat at the hands of Bangladesh in the first Test match on Sunday. The visitors responded to Pakistan’s first innings total with a massive 556 runs before bowling them out for a hapless 146. Requiring only 30 runs to win against Pakistan in a Test match for the first time ever, Bangladesh cruised to victory with 10 wickets in hand. 

Poor choice of shots and failure to capitalize on opportunities cost Pakistan the match. The latest loss is likely to further demoralize the South Asian country after they suffered a first-round exit from the T20 World Cup in June this year, losing to India and minnows the United States in the group stages. 

“As a team, we made a lot of mistakes over the four days and Bangladesh were worthy winners,” Masood said during the post-match conference on Sunday. “They were very disciplined in their batting. We gave them a few chances as well when Mehidy [Hasan] and Mushfiqur [Rahim] were playing.”

Masood noted Pakistan lost an excellent opportunity to turn the game around in their favor at the 82-over mark. Bangladesh had scored 239 at the loss of five wickets but in the final ten overs of the day, when Pakistan took the new ball, they punished Pakistan’s errant bowling to score 67 runs and swing momentum their way.

The Pakistani skipper also regretted that the green shirts declared the first innings at 448-6 with Muhammad Rizwan batting at 171 and Shaheen Shah Afridi at 29. 

“If you asked me now, we would have liked another 50-100 runs,” Masood admitted. “That would have kept us in the game. The forecast also indicated the weather would be disruptive during the game. Those were our thoughts behind the declaration as well.”

Masood, however, defended Pakistan’s choice not to head into the match with a specialist spinner. The captain said the squad had to consider the workload and the surface in mind whilst finalizing the playing XI. 

“The fast bowler was played looking at the extreme weather conditions where we could help each other share the load,” he said. “Naseem [Shah] and Shaheen hadn’t played Test cricket for a while and Pakistan haven’t played Test cricket for ten months. If we played three fast bowlers and lost one through injury, we could have been like ‘Why didn’t we play that fourth fast bowler?’“

The Test captain said he knew the nation was upset, adding that so was the national squad after the humiliating defeat. 

“As a leader of this team, we apologize to the nation for failing to give people the result they wanted,” he said. “We accept our mistakes as a team.”

Pakistan play the second Test match against Bangladesh also in Rawalpindi from Aug. 30-Sept. 3.


Pakistani sixth-grader builds AI assistant robot called Muhammad Ali 

Pakistani sixth-grader builds AI assistant robot called Muhammad Ali 
Updated 26 August 2024
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Pakistani sixth-grader builds AI assistant robot called Muhammad Ali 

Pakistani sixth-grader builds AI assistant robot called Muhammad Ali 
  • 11-year-old’s robot operates home appliances, plays films, does online searches following voice commands
  • Hasnain pursued his passion for robotics and game development at free training program at Karachi institute 

KARACHI: Muhammad Hasnain typed for a brief moment on his laptop, then asked a question out loud:

“Muhammad Ali, what is Arab News?”

A blue-eyed robot, so far a white head with a mesh of wires for hair, spoke back in a computer-generated voice:

“Arab News is a Saudi English language daily newspaper. It covers news and events in Saudi Arabia, the Middle East and around the world.”

Ask Muhammad Ali how to make biryani or fix a piping hot cup of tea and he’ll have an answer. He can also operate home appliances, play movies or do online searches following a voice command. 

The picture taken on August 24, 2024, shows an AI assistant robot created a Pakistani sixth-grader Muhammad Hasnain in Karachi, Pakistan. (AN photo)

He was created by Hasnain, an 11-year-old who recently passed the sixth grade and built the AI assistant as part of a summer project for a free training course in robotics he attended in his hometown of Karachi. 

“This is an AI assistant robot and its name is Muhammad Ali,” Hasnain told Arab News at his home this month. “This AI has a personality [and] a face so you feel like you are talking to a person.”

“It has some extra features such as home automation through which it can control home appliances or open [search] anything on your command. Apart from that, it is also an assistant for me, so if I am making some other projects, it can be helpful there too.”

The tweener’s obsession with science and technology began when he was very young but it was in 2022 that he made a Bluetooth-powered car as a summer project, followed by a virtual reality game in 2023. 

Now, Hasnain has built Muhammad Ali, who he says is different from other AI chatbots because he has a “personality and a face.”

There is “something missing” in leading AI chatbots such as GPT, Gemini and Claude, the boy said. 

“What today’s AI lacks is personality, it looks like there is a robot stuck in your smartphone who can talk to you via texts. Some have a voice feature too. This one has a personality [and] a face.”

Hasnain says the robot is a Muslim and a Pakistani, and its main goal was to be “kind and helpful.”

“When it was under development and just the eyes were created, he knew about that too,” Hasnain said. “He knows what’s going on around him.”

Hasnain’s father Syed Faraz Haider said his child had always been inclined toward interests that were “unusual” for his age.

“He was extraordinary in terms of his learning capabilities since he was very young,” Haider told Arab News. 

“His memory was very sharp. Once you tell him something, [he will not forget it],” he added, describing how Hasnain was able to read entire chapters and write them down from memory.

Hasnain’s teacher Shakeel Abbas, who runs the institute where he enrolled in the robotics class, said he had helped him procure the equipment for the robot but the rest was all him.

“The entire idea and coding has been done by Hasnain,” Abbas said. “We initially provided the guidelines and training for the courses. He is self-sufficient now.”

In the future, Hasnain wants to pursue a career in robotics and game development, he said. He also hopes to give his robot, for now just a head full of wires, a full body. He is also planning a virtual reality project for next year. 

“I would want to add a camera to it [Ali] so he knows who he is talking to,” Hasnain said. “Or create his entire body, that will be a great task to take up.”