RIYADH: Spring paints a vibrant picture across Saudi Arabia, creating ideal nesting conditions for its feathered residents. The abundant food, comfortable temperatures, and increased rainfall from March to July provide a breeding haven. Yet, amid this avian activity, one particular bird faces an uphill battle for survival: the Asir magpie.
This stunning bird, scientifically known as Pica asirensis, holds a precarious position on the global endangered species list. Restricted to a small pocket in the juniper forests of the Asir region, fewer than 100 breeding pairs remain.
Initially thought to be a subspecies of the Eurasian magpie, the Asir magpie was recognized as a distinct species in 2016. Its geographical isolation — over 1,200 km from its closest Eurasian relative — along with unique physical and genetic characteristics, confirmed its separate classification.
The Asir magpie has darker feathers, with a tail adorned in richer greens and purples. Compared to its Eurasian cousin, it has shorter wings and tail, larger feet, and a noticeably bigger beak. Its call is also distinct, with unique sounds used during foraging.
Ants, bees, and locusts are staples in the Asir magpie’s diet, along with plant seeds and fruits. It also consumes fallen berries and leftover rice found in picnic areas.
During the breeding season, females lay five to seven eggs, with an incubation period of 16 to 22 days. However, chick survival rates are generally low — typically, only two to four chicks survive — due to food scarcity, nest predation, and other hazards.
Recognizing the Asir magpie’s critical status, government agencies have increased conservation efforts. In 2018, Saudi Aramco conducted a vital study, deploying advanced tracking devices to understand the bird’s population density, habitat preferences, and movement patterns. This data is crucial for implementing effective protection measures.
Saudi Arabia boasts remarkable avian diversity, with the National Center for Wildlife documenting an impressive 499 bird species. Of these, 401 are resident or migratory, while 11 are rare species that regularly visit the country. Additionally, 87 vagrant species also grace Saudi skies.
The Asir magpie exemplifies Saudi Arabia’s rich biodiversity. Conservation efforts are essential to ensure the survival of this unique species and to protect the Kingdom’s natural heritage for future generations.
