Philippines president open to South China Sea deals

Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte gestures as he speaks shortly after arriving in Davao from a working visit to China. (AFP)

DAVAO, Philippines: Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte said Tuesday he was open to exploring the South China Sea’s natural resources with rival claimants China and Vietnam, after securing a “windfall” while in Beijing.
Duterte also emphasized he had no immediate plans to pressure China over an international tribunal’s ruling last year that its sweeping claims to most of the sea were unlawful.
“If we can get something there with no hassle at all, why not,” President Duterte told reporters when asked about a proposal for jointly exploring the sea with China and Vietnam.
He emphasized the deal would have to be “fair and balanced.”
Duterte made no mention of Malaysia and Brunei, the two other Southeast Asian nations that also have claims to the sea.
The competing claims to the sea, which is believed to sit atop vast oil and gas deposits, have for decades made it one of Asia’s potential military flashpoints.
Beijing’s efforts to cement its claims in the sea in recent years by building artificial islands and expanding a military presence there have added to the tensions.
Duterte, who took office last year, abandoned the policy of his predecessor, Benigno Aquino, to forcefully challenge Beijing in diplomatic circles and instead sought to repair bilateral relations.
Duterte has said his decision has earned the Philippines billions of dollars in Chinese investments and aid.
Duterte spoke on Tuesday after returning from Beijing, where he had separate meetings with Chinese President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Li Keqiang on the sidelines of a summit on a global trade infrastructure project.
Duterte praised China’s leaders as “generous,” “very liberal” and “sincere.”
Duterte described his trip to Beijing, his second since assuming office, as a “windfall” for the Philippines, saying more Chinese investments or aid had been offered although he gave few details.
Duterte said he told Xi and Li that he would not raise last year’s international tribunal ruling, which was filed by Aquino and deeply angered China.
“We decided that there is a time for me to ask about the ruling but it is not now,” Duterte said.
Xi hailed the “all-round improvement” of relations between the two nations during the forum, calling the Philippines an “important partner” in his Belt and Road infrastructure project.
Chinese and Philippines officials will meet in China on Friday for the first round of bilateral talks on their dispute.
Aquino had avoided direct talks with China for fear of placing the Philippines in a vulnerable negotiating position.
Duterte said he wanted discussions to involve a code of conduct for the sea, which China and Southeast Asian nations have been discussing for some 15 years.
Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Liu Zhenmin and Philippine Ambassador Jose Santiago Santa Romana will co-chair the meeting in China’s southern Guizhou province, Beijing said on Tuesday.
Their talks will follow 14th meeting on Thursday of senior officials from China and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on the implementation of a code of conduct in the South China Sea.
The Philippines, under then President Gloria Arroyo, entered into an agreement with China and Vietnam in 2005 to jointly study potential oil deposits in the sea.
But the deal collapsed after Filipino politicians questioned its legality. They alleged it infringed on Philippine sovereignty and accused Arroyo of treason.
Duterte also said he would push for the inclusion of Turkey and Mongolia in the grouping of Southeast Asian nations, dismissing concerns about their geographic location.
Duterte said leaders of Turkey and Mongolia told him about their desire to join the ASEAN while they were in China over the weekend for the summit on a global trade infrastructure project.
Duterte, whose nation holds the rotating ASEAN chairmanship this year, held separate meetings with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Mongolian Prime Minister Jargaltulga Erdenebat on the sidelines of the summit.
“They want to join ASEAN and since I am now the chair, the Philippines is, they wanted me to sponsor their entry and I said, ‘Yes, why not,’” Duterte told reporters.
The 10-member ASEAN groups Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
Turkey, a member of North Atlantic bordering the Middle East, straddles Europe and Asia. Its application for membership to the EU has been bogged down for years.
Mongolia is a landlocked nation wedged between China and Russia.
Geographic location is the first criterion for ASEAN membership, along with recognition by all other members.
Duterte said Myanmar’s de facto leader Aung San Suu Kyi, who also attended the summit in China, asked him if he had considered geography in deciding to sponsor Turkey and Mongolia’s ASEAN membership.
Duterte, however, insisted that the two nations were part of the region.
“They are. I would say that they are,” Duterte said.
“Turkey seems to be ambivalent on whether to be a bridge of Europe and Asia or being an Asian ... Sometimes they say they are part of Asia. Sometimes they say they are a bridge of Asia to Europe.”
Asked about Duterte’s remarks, the ASEAN Secretariat said Turkey and Mongolia have “never applied” for membership to the bloc.
“This issue has never come up for discussion in ASEAN,” Lee Yoong Yoong, community affairs director of the Jakarta-based ASEAN Secretariat, told AFP via e-mail.
East Timor has for years sought ASEAN membership but only holds observer status.